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ICD-10 Codes for High Blood Pressure - How to Code Accurately & Avoid Denials

As a medical coding auditor with 12+ years of experience, I’ve resolved $ 1 M+ in denied claims due to incorrect hypertension coding. Let’s break down ICD-10 codes for high blood pressure, including tricky cases like pregnancy and unspecified readings, with real-world examples to keep your claims clean.

What ICD-10 Code is used for High Blood Pressure?

The primary code for essential hypertension is I10. However, coding varies based on specificity:

  • Uncomplicated hypertensionI10 (most common).
  • Elevated BP without diagnosisR03.0 (e.g., temporary high reading).
  • Hypertensive Urgency (extremely high blood pressure without organ damage).

Example: A patient with chronic high BP and no complications = I10.

Top 10 ICD-10 Codes for High Blood Pressure

  • I10: Essential hypertension.
  • O13: Gestational hypertension (pregnancy-induced).
  • O16: Unspecified maternal hypertension.
  • I15.0: Reno vascular hypertension.
  • R03.0: Elevated BP without hypertension diagnosis.
  • I11.0: Hypertensive heart disease.
  • I12.9: Hypertensive CKD unspecified.
  • O26.21: Postpartum hypertension.
  • I16.1: Hypertensive emergency (organ damage).
  • Z86.79: Personal history of hypertension.
 

Case Study: A Texas clinic reduced denials by 30% by switching from R03.0 to I10 for confirmed hypertension cases.

Coding High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy

  • O13: Gestational hypertension (no proteinuria).
  • O14: Pre-eclampsia (hypertension + proteinuria).
  • O16: Unspecified maternal hypertension (e.g., term delivery without final diagnosis).

Critical Rule: Always link pregnancy codes to trimester (e.g., O13.2 for third trimester).

Coding Elevated BP without Hypertension Diagnosis

  • Use R03.0 when:

    • A patient has a temporary high reading (e.g., 140/90 during a stressful visit).
    • There’s no formal hypertension diagnosis in their chart.

    Example: A patient’s BP spikes due to pain (R03.0 + pain code).

Hypertensive Crisis Coding

    • I16.0: Hypertensive urgency (e.g., BP 180/120, no organ damage).
    • I16.1: Hypertensive emergency (BP 180/120 + organ failure).

    Documentation Tip: Note symptoms like chest pain (I16.1 + R07.9) or blurred vision (I16.1 + H53.8).

3 Common Denial Reasons & Fixes

  • Using I10 for Elevated BP: Denied if no formal diagnosis.
    • Fix: Use R03.0 for temporary spikes.
  • Missing Specificity: Coding O16 instead of O13 for gestational hypertension.
    • Fix: Confirm proteinuria status.
  • Ignoring Laterality: For endovascular hypertension (I15.0), specify cause (e.g., renal artery stenosis).

Key Takeaways

  • Use I10 for confirmed essential hypertension.
  • R03.0 is for temporary high readings without a diagnosis.
  • Pregnancy codes (O13-O16) require trimester specificity.

 

Need Help? Book a free 15-minute coding audit

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

E78.0 (pure hypercholesterolemia) or E78.5 (hyperlipidemia).

O26.21 (postpartum condition) + I10 if chronic.

No use O13/O14 for pregnancy-related cases

I11.0 (if heart failure is present) or I11.9 (if heart failure is not present).

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